Definition Essay Sample on Information Security A Problem for Large Corporations

Definition Essay Sample on Information Security A Problem for Large Corporations This essay is based on the security of data and how it can be a problem for large corporations, and what can companies do to manage their data and resources properly. Information today has become one of business worlds and societys most important resources, and managing this information has become a major challenge. It is for this reason that the security of data is very important to corporations. The strong desire to protect and control information is rooted in the notion that information has value. The value of quality in information will enable the business to make sound decisions and conversely the presence of errors will undermine the credibility and therefore the value of the information (Marschak 1968). This means corporations must be able to handle and administer information safely and securely. The security of data and information should be very important to large corporations and if it is undermined then they are more likely to be vulnerable to threats, which could result in big problems for companies. To put this into perspective, a survey taken from Bocij et al (1999), was carried out about the extent of these threats with regards to the loss of information in a 1996 Business Technology Survey by Ernst Young. This survey found that 59 % of companies surveyed had experienced a security breach. (Bocij et al, 1999: p538). It may be thought that our society in general is becoming increasingly data-unsafe! However, this is not to imply that we are all exceedingly vulnerable as considerable efforts have indeed been made in this field, and more attention is being focused here. Nevertheless, it must be bared in mind that this does not mean that the situation is in full control. As the dependence of businesses on IS increases, so does the range and severity of the threats which can arise. This can happen for a number of reasons. The first being the scale at which the business is dependent on IS, as systems increasingly operate on a national or international scale. For example, a failure in a banks computer centre can put all its automated teller machines offline. A second reason is the speed of IS in an advanced technological environment. For instance previously, before computer-based information system, it may take for fire, flood or malicious damage to destroy records. Large computer files, on the other hand, can de deleted or corrupted electronically in matter of seconds. Similarly, unauthorised transmission or copying of data can be carried out almost instantaneously. Another reason is technical innovation. New technology changes all the ground-rules, and many employees may not understand them well. Previously, it was reasonable to rely, to a large extent on employeesÐ ±Ã ¿ good sense (for example, in not leaving filing cabinets unlocked). With IT-based systems, they may not even realise that they are taking unacceptable risks. On the other hand, at the opposite end of the skills spectrum, there are highly talented technicians who regard it as a challenge to invade and disrupt systems. They can conduct their attacks from the other parts of a network-without needing to go anywhere near the premises they are attacking. The fourth reason that may increase the range and severity of threats on IS could be hidden causes. For example, sometimes it is difficult to trace back to cause of a problem in complex systems. For example, on 1 Jan 1985, customers trying to use the cash machines of two major clearing banks, which normally accepted each othersÐ ±Ã ¿ cards, found themselves getting unpredictable results. The problem was eventually traced to erroneous updating of the magnetic strips on the cards by one of the banks. It seems that some of the bankÐ ±Ã ¿s software had failed to recognise that 1984 was a leap year, and entered date information on the cards, which then confused other parts of the system. (Hawker, 2000: p18). The security of data can be a big problem for large corporation as, defining the contents of an international information security policy as an associated set of security controls is one problem, however to enforce them may be an even bigger one (Solms,1999). Also another problem that large corporations may face is remaining competitive and having a long-term future ahead with a lack of security of data. Solms states that if an organisation is found secure enough by others, it will be welcomed to join, if not it may be excluded and left in the cold. This discussion proves that in the era of electronic commerce, proper information protection and proof of it may be demanded among business partners. Data and information security can result in a big problem for large corporations if security policies are not implemented in the correct manner. It is very important that firms recognise this, as it may well prove far more expensive not to invest in security measures than the measures themselves would have cost. Increased security means increased possibilities of safe guarding a companys assets, through reducing or eliminating the danger of financial loss. As a result of this companies need to manage their data and resources properly. Information technology does not only bring the benefits of better ways of storage and accessibility of data but with it comes the managerial responsibility, which is control of files and resources. There two major management responsibilities that companies need to manoeuvre in order to control their information so that their data is secure and they can make the most out of the resources they have invested in. These measures and responsibilities are physical and procedural. Under each of these, there are several components that make up these controls. Firstly, physical protection is an important control. Physical barriers are aimed at protecting equipment, accessories against theft and unauthorised access, and so that sources of possible damage are eliminated. If access to rooms with equipment were restricted, the risk of theft and vandalism may be reduced. A second control that could be used by some firms is biometric controls. These controls make use of the unique characteristics of individuals in order to restrict access to sensitive information or equipment. The technique has scanners that check on fingerprints, voiceprints and retinal patterns. Until recently this technique was not accessible to many organisations, partly because of the cost involved and secondly because companies used to have doubts about the accuracy of the technique. Both of these concerns have been addressed and been solved by technological advances in software and hardware. An example of companies that could use this type of control to increase security and manage their resources properly is banks and more specifically their ATMs where customers are able identify customers by fingerprints or retinal patterns. Thirdly procedure controls are also very important to take into consideration. Procedural controls include controls such as data security controls, failure controls, and auditing and security policy. Data security controls help to identify and verify the users. For instance system software can be used so that passwords are assigned to only authorised individuals. No one can log on to the system without a valid password, furthermore additional sets of passwords and security restrictions can be developed for specific systems and applications. Laudon Laudon (2001) give an example, that data security software can limit access to specific files, such as the files for the accounts receivable system. It can restrict the type of access so that only individuals authorized to update these specific files will have the ability to do so. All others will only be able to read the files or will be denied access altogether. Another procedural control is failure controls. These controls are necessary especially in large corporations, to avoid damage caused by failure of an information system. The techniques of failure control are regular back-ups of data and recovery procedure. For example, everyday transactions in a bank such as deposit, and withdrawals are stored on a daily basis as backup. Another recovery procedure which is important to companies is having a disaster recovery or contingency plan which is a strategy concerned with ensuring that a disaster of a information system is restored as quickly as possible, with little disruption to the organisation as possible. Auditing could be another way in which companies may protect information systems against security breaches. Auditing involves making physical checks of hardware, software and data at regular intervals. Audits can be carried out automatically for software and data with an appropriate program. Auditing software works by scanning the hard disk drives of any computers, terminals and servers attached to a network system. As each hard disk is scanned, the names of any programs found are added to a log. This log is then compared to a list of the programs that are owned by the company. The log gives information as to where to find the program. It is then simple to determine the location of any unauthorised programs. In many organisations auditing programs are also used to keep track of software licences, which allow companies to ensure that they are operating within the terms of their licence agreement. Other types of controls that may help companies to manage their resources properly are legal controls. Legal controls exist to prevent security breaches. Computer Misuse Act (1990), covers unauthorised access to information systems. Unauthorised access to information systems is referred to as hacking, and any breach of security by a third party invokes this Act for which the culprit may be prosecuted. Another legal protection, which companies need to comply with, is the Data Protection (1984). This Act is mainly intended to cover the individuals rights to view the information the company holds about them. For companies this is a strong message that only factual information should be held and the information should be relevant. In addition and also very important the Act restricts disclosure of information about the files a company holds about individuals to third parties. Special rules apply to this clause and it is the companyÐ ±Ã ¿s responsibility to ensure that these are followed. For example a finance company may request the account holder to set up a passed for a spouse to discuss general information but the liability lies with the company should the information get into the wrong hands resulting in fraud. Formal Security Policy is another way in which companies can protect their data. Companies are now required by law to make existing and new employees sign a security policy. This is a benefit to both the company and the employee if the policy is explained. The security policy document would include things such as what the company considers to be acceptable use of the information system, what is considered unacceptable use, disciplinary action for non-compliance and details of the controls in place. However it important that management support is essentially there to ensure that employees follow the guidelines contained in this policy. An article from the Financial Times (1998) in Bocij et al, hinted that many fraudsters rely on human behaviour rather than technology. A senior manager of a UK based company; Forensic Investigations stresses the importance of the IT department in keeping abreast with the latest developments and maintaining regular security revisions across the organisation. Another example is an UK based company, Priority Data Group (PDG), whose clients include Citibank, computer services company EDS and General Motors has developed a system that automatically blanks a PC screen when the user is away from it and then is reactivated by a password. Also, US based company Finjan has developed a program called Surflinshield Corporate, to protect computers against rogue programs attached to Active X or Java created programs. Surfinshield monitors the behaviour of the downloaded program and if attempts to breach computer security system are found, the program is eliminated. These are all examples of how companies manage their data and resources properly. Increased security means increased possibilities of safeguarding a companys assets, through reducing or indeed eliminating the danger of financial loss. Investment in relevant and suitable security measures can prevent damage to EDP equipment, technical installations and premises, reduce the chances of information being tampered with and fraud being attempted, ensures reliable data processing by seeing to it that errors, inaccuracies, mishaps and omissions are deleted more easily or prevented, and ensure that the situation is revised as soon as possible, should anything happen. All this means that it may well prove far more expensive not to invest in security measures than the measures themselves would have cost. In fact investing in data security should be considered a form of insurance. On the other hand, in themselves security measures can never be a foolproof guarantee against damage and accidents. They will have to harmonize with the companyÐ ±Ã ¿s overall profile and atmosphere. Both staff and management must have an active, positive attitude towards the security aspect. Such an attitude will in itself have a preventive effect. In working to improve security, it is important to realize that even the most comprehensive measures can never manage to remove each and every possible risk involved in using new technology. Moreover, maintaining a very high level of security is a costly affair. In conclusion, then, a certain degree of risk will have to be accepted, and not every irregularity should be seen as a major problem. Here is a list of possible essay topics on information: The Impact of Information Systems Management for Organisation Operation Freedom of Information Does Information Want To Be Free? Information Literacy Advancements in Information Technology The Impact of IT on Information Services, with special reference to India Data and Information Security Use of Information Technology in Business Information is power Piaget vs. Information Processing Information Warfare The Role of Information Systems in Business Value Chains

Breaking bad news Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Breaking bad news - Essay Example However, older people exhibit diseases and shorter life span because of bad treatment. In other words, the society and its communication to these people play a large part in health care services. A health care professional always thinks of a way on how to break bad news to patients. For these people, it is essential, difficult and often the most critical part of healthcare communication. For some, breaking bad news to patients is an innate skill. Patients have a hard time disclosing their feelings or find it necessary to establish a relationship of trust to be able to more easily accept the disclosure of such news. Presenting bad news to patients may give a negative result that may in turn lead to serious harm. All of these beliefs are made with a strong sense of suspicion; breaking bad news to patients is a skill learned rather than a talent. Medical doctors, for example, have in their education an area of learning good communication skills that entails a long period of learning (Back, 1999). Preparations – in ethical terms, the atmosphere provided should be private on both the part of the patient and the medical professional. In general, patients have varying needs; hence, it is appropriate to discuss with the patient who he/she wants to be the recipients of the information and major decisions like how much should be the information. Statements such as â€Å"How are you feeling right now?† would help the patient prepare himself for a two-way affair. Finding out how much the patient knows – in such aspect asking a question such as â€Å"What have already been told about your illness?† may be essential. This approach would likely measure the patient’s knowledge about his/her illness. It is also appropriate to ask patients how much they have understood on the information given, the patient’s level of technical comprehension and most of all is his/her emotional status. Finding out how much the patient’s capacity of accepting

The Elegant Universe Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

The Elegant Universe - Essay Example forms that may have developed in the presence of water and in the earth-like conditions but there is every possibility that life forms may exist in conditions that we may discard as being unsuitable for life since those are not the conditions for life as we know it (Greene). It, therefore, seems very unlikely that we are alone in this universe and somewhere out there may be species waiting to be contacted.  According to almost all of the scientific community, the universe was formed about 13.6 billion years ago and it has been expanding since its conception. There had been quite some debates regarding the shape and nature of the universe in the scientific literature. There were many hits regarding the expansion of the universe including the famous Doppler effect on the electromagnetic spectrum where the radiations are red shifted. However, the most startling fact about our expanding universe is that the expansion is accelerating and the regions that are farthest away from us are mo ving the fastest. Moreover, there is no hint whether this acceleration would ever hint and therefore all the clues point towards the fact that the universe is infinite or if it has an end, it is almost at an infinite distance from us.  Even though the universe is so vast that our existence seems puny and negligible, I feel a deep connection to the universe. All the atoms in our body as well as in everything that we use, are born in the hearts of the stars. And it would not be an exaggeration to say that we are an embodiment of the universe trying to understand ourselves. The universe and its vastness is also a source of calmness and serenity; it is always there whether we try to observe it or not and hence its presence casts a shadow over us all the time. The stars, the sky as well as all the galaxies and the planets have aroused the curiosity of humans for generations and have played a vital role in laying down the foundations of science.

Marketing Research Essay Example for Free

Marketing Research Essay Conclusion The purpose of this research is to identify whether Dilmah should continue the current campaign or modify the campaign. The result from the secondary research and primary qantative research show the total black tea sales has great increased about 13% from 2008 – 2009 which is a fantastic result in the world economic recession period of time. Dilmah has market share of 29% which is the highest share of one brand. Dilmah target customer is traditional family and age is from middle to mature group. The Larry report says their customers are satisiftied with the freshest and finest tea quality and consumers agreed Dilmah has achieved the goal of tea quality. The main tea market are in Auckland 51% in 2009, Wellington and Canterburry. From primary research findings, female has higher purchasing tea percentage than male and the age group is 36 and more. People who are employeed as income earner less than 20 hours is recall seeing the TV advertising. Dilmah doesn’t have the top of mind brand awareness for the age group 36-45 but it is mostly recognized by the age group 26-35. Dilmah issues Bell is a very strong competitetor of Dilmah in black tea market as they have a very close market share percentages over years from 2005 to 2009. Bell is more reconigized at the age group of 35 – 46 by 94% (193) but the age group of 18 – 25 and 46 and over still have 67% and 61% top of mind brand awareness for Bell. The 58% of age group 26 – 35 has top of mind brand awareness for Dilmah and the 33% of age group 18 – 25 has top of mind brand awareness for Dilmah. 59% of male and 64% female all reconigized Bell but 39% male and 13% female know Dilmah as top of mind brandawareness. 6% of less 20 hrs knows Bell but 15% knows Dilmah. 61% of non employeed knows Dilmah†¦but which they might not be the main group who purchase tea normally in the household. 32% of 35 – 46 who purchased tea Be to cafe last 4 weeks: Female purchased tea more $704,000 and is about 4 times than male $188,000 at sales. Top main 3 group purchase tea 40 – 44, 45  œ 49 and 70 and over RM: Who bought tea last 4 months: * 2 main group:64% of traditional family (middle to mature age with stable income and family oriented and traditional value) and 41% visible achievers and they have very similar family values Who purchased tea last 3 months * 36 – 45 and 46 and over for bell (29% of interviewers purchased Bell Tea) * 26 – 35 and 36 – 45 for Dilmah (30% of interviewer purchased Dilmah) * 25% purchased Twinings The market trend to drink black has started from 2007 because the black tea sale. The total black sale of 2005 to 2009 has increased steadily which presented the successful of the media and publicity from the secondary data findings. The result shows that those three major brands Dilmah, Bell and Twinings are invested into the most effective forms of media at the past three to four years. Dilmah media expenditure has always been the highest in TV advertising from 2005 – 2008 ( 67% to 91% of Dilmah total expenditure of media) apart from 2009 comparing to the major three tea brands. Bell, the second tea brand spent the most amount of money in TV advertisement at 2009 which showed the result of the total tea sale was the only one brand has had increases sales from 2008 to 2009 about few percentages. Dilmah reduced the spending for TV advertisement about 23% which has slightly reduced the tea sales about little percentage but Dilmah is still No. 1 of black tea market. As a result, Dilmah has been always focusing on the right media form for advertising their product and has been successful on the result of sales and market share. Nevertheless, Dilmah still lacks the brand awareness as it shows in the primary / qanatative research findings that Dilmah did not come to â€Å"Top of mind brand awareness† and Bell was the first tea brand comes to their mind. 62% of interviewers chose Bell and only 22% of interviewers chose Dilmah which makes Dilmah comes second. This clearly shows Dilmah has significant issue about the brand awareness which has always been an issue of them trying to achieve it. From the research findings, the main group which has been purchased tea for last four months are The total black tea market sales from 2008 – 2009 has huge growth about 13%. The total The purpose of this research is to identify whether Dilmah should continue the current campaign or modify the campaign. The result from the secondary research and primary qantative research are showing the most effective forms of media and publicity is TV advertising which the campaign is focusing on. The past few years that Dilmah has been focus on TV advertising and the result shows the sales of Dilmah black tea has been increased steadily. It proved TV advertising has achieved the result of increasing the sales of tea. The research has investigated the 5 objectives which are key trends in the tea market, key customer segments and a profile of each, levels of brand awareness and measure attitudes towards teas as a drink. The findings show Dilmah should continue the current campaign as it is. Key trend in the tea market (market size, market share and price†¦etc) Key customer segment and a profile of each Brand Awareness The most effective form of media and publicity Attitude toward to tea as a drink Recommendation Id research problems / to understand / to investigate / to explore The primary research has contained five objectives are key trend in the tea market, key customer segments, the most effective forms of media and publicity and the measurement attitude towards tea as a drink. Unfortunately, it has had 800 survey but female is almost double of male. This may because the survey accuracy as the secondary research findings shows female has much higher percentage of purchasing the tea which might affect the survey. Beside, there is one more important finding that from middle to mature age groups are also the main groups of tea purchasing. The survey also has higher percentage people at the age group of 36 – 45 and 45 and over. In the primary research, it has covered quite well at the brand awareness question but there are not enough information which required to support the campaign should keep going or modify at the objectives of effectiveness of media, attitude to buy / drink tea and profile of customer segment. The key customer segment by employment should be full time worker, part time worker or non-employed. It will be good to know who does grocery shopping of the household. Full time housewife with out job or Housewife with part time job, part time student or full time student The attitude toward to tea as drink will be good to have the question of what kind of tea is the most favorite to drink? Answer to be black, herbal and green tea which can help to know the current trend of drink tea. * Main reasons of purchasing the tea What kind packaging is the most favourite etc paper bag, tin, glass jar †¦etc†¦ * What kind of advertising comes to mind when you think about tea advertising? * What would you expect to see from tea advertising? Tea history, fashion trend, tea taste†¦etc * Attitude to buy / drinking tea? (change to actionable statement – to identify * Effectiveness of advertising * Profile of segments – behaviour (drinking tea) The secondary and primary researches have got a numbers of good information and data to support the continued campaign of TV advertisement as the most effective form of media. However, it still lack the important information and data key customer segment, attitude toward to tea as drink and the type of tea advertising to support the campaign. The key customer segment will indicate which group is main consumers purchase tea for the household and when and where will the best time to have campaign on according the life consumers. The great information of attitude toward tea as drink can modify the campaign to the advertising that consumers would expect to see and also show who main consumers are. The type of media form will encourage consumers to purchase Dilmah tea brand. Sometimes, it is very hard to encourage consumers to change the brand they have drunk for long time as tea is a very family oriented drink. Drinking tea can be the family habit which dominated by the main person who is shopping for the household. For that reason, it is essential to have the focus group qualitative research to The research requires 8 – 12 people and homogeneous in terms of demorgraphic and socio-economic characteristics. Of course, those people need to have the habit of drinking tea. The final thing is has not participated in many focus groups. The reseach will also require a relax environment and it will takes about 1. 5 – 2 hours. The research will be recorded all relvant information including facial expression and body language so the recorder will need to be in the central front of the room behind the moderator. The moderator will question the group and lead the discussion to the proper way to encourage the group not be afraid to express own ideas and opinions. A good qualified moderator will be detached but kind and Final statement Identify the need for qual research †¦ (topic) To explain yes we have got some good information but still lack some important information†¦ for support to provide more about how to present to public†¦ to recommend what should need according to behaviour†¦ or age group†¦ Just comes one statement that is actionable to complete by the research (your task)†¦ Going to Appendix Good morning/ afternoon Thank you for taking the time to meet with us. We will honor your time by making sure that we wrap up in the next 90 minutes. Does anyone mind if we tape record this for our records? The tape will be only use for the case study of the major tea brand campaign design. We are researchers under contract with the major tea brand to conduct the tea brand awareness and the attitude toward to tea as a drink. Our evaluation is formative and qualitative. This means that our primary point is to gather information that helps the major tea brand origination finest tea product and improve the brand awareness. The information we collect is by design descriptive rather than numeric. We have a system for quantifying qualitative information, but for now, we don’t need to be concerned with counting things. We just want your ideas and opinions. There is no right and wrong for each question and each idea and opinion are all very valuable information for the research. Any question before we start? Be sure that everyone signs and completes the info on the sign-up sheet. Key themes Suggested question End the guide with some kind of thank you and conclusion – recognize that people will have gone out of their way to participate

The Great Depression Essay -- American History

The Great Depression was a period from October 29, 1929 to around 1940, close to when the U.S. entered World War II. This period was an economic depression that was started by the Stock Market crash. Such a catastrophic time span has many different causes that can all relate and combine. The Great Depression had many underlying causes that started originated after World War I. A series of events, including the economic boom of the 1920’s were contributors to the Great Depression. World War I came to an end in November of 1918, when the Treaty of Versailles was signed. This treaty ended the fighting and of many other results, it put the blame on Germany for the war. This resulted in Germany having to pay major reparation fee’s and put Germany in a financial hole. The treaty took away parts of Germany’s land and made it impossible for them to use their natural resources to profit from. The amount that Germany had to pay back was more then they could, and this started a chain reaction for the transfer of money. In 1924, The Dawes Plan was signed into action and the U.S. became a creditor nation. Germany owed around 32 billion in war reparations. They were unable to pay this, so the U.S. loaned Germany money, with that Germany paid European countries War Reparations, and with the reparation money they received, U.S exports were able to be bought. This benefited the U.S. because the loans would have to be paid back with interest, and it let the econ omy experience a boost because goods were able to be exported. The Dawes Plan boosted the American economy, while facilitating other European countries’ attempts to reestablish a stable financial state after World War One. This time period in the 1920’s is referred to as the ‘roaring twen... ...ted to drop on the Stock Market. Investors’ worries were little at the beginning, but as it continued to drop, many investors started selling their shares. Eventually on Tuesday, October 29, the stock market crashed, as no buyers could be found at any prices for shares. This marked the beginning of the Great Depression (Gusmorino). The Great Depression was marked by the Stock Market crash, but in reality, its origins were able to be traced back to World War One. Many actions by the U.S. government, done to boost the economy, worked temporarily and gave America a period of great economic success. During this time, many underlying problems were ignored, and actions done to protect the U.S. economy, eventually ruined it. The Great Depression was not something that could have started as a result of one action, but it was a result of more than a decades worth of actions.

Honey And Mumford Learning Style Education Essay

It is normally believed that most people have a penchant with respects to interacting with, taking in and treating information to let them to larn ( Smith, 2003 ) . Different people adopt different acquisition manners where an optimal manner allows the person to larn best. The construct of individualized acquisition manners has gained a great trade of popularity in recent old ages of all time since the thought was proposed in the seventiess. To day of the month, there has been a monolithic copiousness of trials that can be performed to measure a individual ‘s acquisition manner ( Sprenger, 2003 ) . The undertaking is divided into two parts: Part A: To place and analyse my learning manner penchants through assorted questionnaires ; the VARK trial, Honey and Mumford acquisition manner, Myer Briggs Type Indicator ( MBTI ) and Belbin ‘s squad stock list. Prem and Phil stated that â€Å" Learning affects public presentation because all public presentation can be improved through acquisition. † ( Prem & A ; Phil, 2008 ) . Therefore, this allows me to derive an apprehension of who I am as a scholar and how this cognition may impact my public presentations, both separately or within a squad environment. Part B: To discourse my personality type and how my learning manner may impact my calling picks. However, it is deserving observing that although â€Å" personality is a possible subscriber to acquisition, it is hard to specify † ( Davies, 2008 ) . Sigmund Freud used the analogy of an iceberg to explicate the complexness of human personality by proposing that most of the personality is hidden out of sight under H2O ( Freud, 2003 ) . Hence, placing one ‘s personality is non an easy undertaking, and trials should merely be used as a ‘starting point ‘ instead than as a agency to do definite opinions ( Bayne, 1997 ) . However, my consequences will give a general thought of a calling field that most closely fit my personality and strengths.Part 1: Who I am as a scholar?1.1 VARK TestThe VARK trial is one of the most normally used theoretical accounts to assist place an person ‘s penchant for having and analyzing information with respects to larning. It can as sist people to develop extra acquisition schemes. There are four manners for people to utilize, such as ocular, aural, read/write and kinesthetic ( VARK, 2009 ) . It is a model to measure a individual ‘s learning manner. The consequences of the VARK trial ( Appendix A ) suggest that my strengths in a acquisition context remainder on my aural accomplishments. I have a strong penchant for aural based acquisition since I like to listen to others during treatment to derive a different position which allows me to understand more of the subject being discussed. My group mate agrees with this by stating †Although Yin Sung is usually quiet during group activities, she is an active hearer of other people ‘s positions and attentions about other people ‘s ideas, † ( Vicky, 2010 ) . Another portion of the trial consequences that I peculiarly agree with is that my written/reading accomplishments rather weak and is n't my preferable method of larning. Having merely late moved to analyze in the UK, English is non my first linguistic communication which could explicate why this type of acquisition is non one of my chief strengths, although my proficiency is bettering a batch. Since, the western educational system places a batch of accent on reading and authorship, I believe that I will derive a batch of betterment in this acquisition facet as clip goes on with added pattern. However, I am a spot surprised by my low mark on my kinaesthetic accomplishments. I have ever thought that I am person that learns good when given the chance to see something via a ‘hands on attack ‘ . For illustration, I find that I am able to pick up new accomplishments easy ( i.e. badminton ) when I am able to physically seek it out instead than merely reading from a book on how to play.1.2 Honey and Mumford Learning StyleThe Honey and Mumford ‘s ( 1992 ) Learning Style identifies and categorises an person ‘s learning manner. There are four possible manners ; an militant, reflector, theoretician and pragmatist, with a sum of 80 inquiries in the trial ( Honey and Mumford, 1992 ) . Harmonizing to the consequences of the Honey and Mumford larning manner questionnaire ( Appendix B ) I adopt a high reflector outlook. I agree with the bulk of the description of the reflector which I believe to the full depict me. A Reflector is a careful individual who prefers to take a back place in group treatments ( Honey and Mumford, 1992 ) . I like to listen to other people ‘s positions before I come to decisions and take my clip before doing any determinations. Being less self-asserting and be givening to keep back from engagement, I believe that I will work good and larn more expeditiously if placed around an militant, as one would be able to promote me to undertake state of affairss via a more ‘head on ‘ attack. This would heighten my engagement in group activities and treatments. In understanding with my VARK consequences, the Honey and Mumford trial suggests that I am a good hearer which is one of the strengths of a reflector. I to the full agree with this since I have ever been person that likes to listen to everyone in the group thoughtfully. This gives me an chance to derive different positions from different angles before I come to decisions. However, a possible failing that I see in myself by being a reflector is that I spend a long clip when executing set undertakings. For illustration, during my last assignment, it took me in surplus of two months to finish it as I was brooding excessively much on the readying phase. I spent excessively long researching information before I eventually began composing my assignment which is due to my caution with respects to make up one's minding how to compose it. Although I do demo a cautious outlook, I do n't to the full hold with the description that a individual with reflector behavior ne'er likes to take hazards. I on occasion like to step out of my ‘comfort zone ‘ to see things that I have ne'er experienced before to broaden my ain cognition. For illustration, I chose to go forth my place and familiar milieus in Hong Kong to analyze in the UK. I besides like to take up activities and avocations that I have ne'er tried before.1.3 Myers Briggs Type IndicatorThe Myer Briggs type Indicator ( MBTI ) is a questionnaire used to place an person ‘s personality type based on Carl Jung theories. MBTI categorises persons into two maps, such as extroversion or invagination which is the penchant in which an person prefers to direct their energy ( Madeline & A ; Rebecca, 1988 ) . For illustration, one that likes to direct their energy to cover with outer things, state of affairss or other people is deemed to hold a penchant for extrov ersion. Conversely, a individual that likes to cover with thoughts, information, accounts or the ‘inner universe ‘ , so their penchant is invagination. The consequences of the MBTI ( Appendix C ) suggest that I have a dominant introspective map, with a high penchant for introspective detection as demonstrated by my high mark in ISFJ. These consequences show that I like to listen to others and to absorb every bit much information as possible in a peculiar state of affairs, to spread out my cognition and to accomplish a clear apprehension of a subject. These compliment good with my consequences from the Honey and Mumford trial mentioned above. The consequences besides suggest that I am a difficult working person, which I feel describes me good. I like to get down early and guarantee that I perform undertakings to the best of my ability. Sing my academic life, I tend to analyze at least five hours a twenty-four hours. I besides begin my research for assignments long before the deadline. For illustration, although this professional undertaking is due for entry in April 2010, I have been fixing and making the necessary reading since October 2009. The MBTI consequences besides suggest that I have an of import penchant for extrovert feeling, as demonstrated by my high ESFJ mark. I am person that likes to concentrate on edifice harmoniousness in the universe around me and construct positive relationships. Besides, I ever value other people ‘s parts during work or other activities. My old employer said â€Å" Sung Yin is a really personable person that is popular with the clients and staff which creates a really positive ambiance around the topographic point, † ( Mrs Poon, 2008 ) . I will ever seek to carry people to hold with my positions if their sentiments are different to mine. However, I ever need to be careful non to pique those around me while seeking to make so. Briggs Myers stated that although ‘ESFJ ‘s ‘ are â€Å" friendly and sympathetic, they are really diligent and insist that others portion the same positions as them. † ( Myers, 1995 ) .1.4 Belbin Team InventoryThe Belbin Team Inventory is a trial used to estimate penetration into a individual ‘s behavioral inclination in a squad environment ( Furnham, Steele & A ; Pendleton, 1993 ) . The trial allows us the chance to find non merely our single aptitude strengths, but besides gives an consciousness of our place within a squad and how we are expected to lend. It â€Å" scores people based on how strongly they express traits from nine different squad functions. † ( Belbin, 1981 ) . Harmonizing to my Belbin trial consequences ( Appendix D ) , I have a major penchant for a function as a ‘shaper ‘ within a squad. A ‘shaper ‘ contains behavioral traits that correspond to my consequences from the MBTI. For illustration, a ‘shaper ‘ shows a thrust to win and to get the better of obstructions which complements my desire to carry through my aspirations and follow my clear ends. Although I display ‘reflector ‘ features, I besides see myself as a competitory person that thrives on force per unit area and challenges, which forms the footing of the ‘shaper ‘ function. My high school P.E teacher wrote on my school study â€Å" Sung Yin has demonstrated her competitory side during badminton category and has the necessary personality and desire to go a good participant in the athletics in future, † ( Mr. Yeung, 2001 ) . The consequences besides show that I am a ‘monitor judge ‘ proposing that I am an person that likes to measure all options before coming to a decision, which allows me to do accurate opinions. This agrees with my Honey and Mumford trial consequences which say that I am one who likes to derive different positions in treatment before doing determinations ( being a reflector ) . Finally, the trial consequences besides consider me to hold a penchant for a ‘specialist ‘ function that displays individual mindedness and dedication. These are traits that I agree with since I am a instead obstinate individual that does n't wish to alter my head one time I have my head set on something. Mr Robinson, my old employer said †Sung Yin is a really goaded individual with a clear way with where she wants to be and is improbable that she will be swayed from it, † ( Mr. Robinson, 2007 ) . I am ever dedicated to my undertakings at manus and ever give my best to make them every bit good as I can. This has allowed me to develop my accomplishments and cognition to a degree that means I can give a utile part within a squad. Despite what I feel is a reasonably accurate appraisal of my discriminatory functions within a squad, I do non to the full agree with a ‘resource research worker ‘ being my least preferable function. This is because I believe that I am a communicative individual which is a cardinal trait of the resource ‘resource research worker ‘ . As demonstrated by old trial consequences, I am a individual that possesses strong aural accomplishments. Despite regularly following a cautious attack to group treatment activities ( in line with my reflector personality ) , I like to inquire inquiries and take part in activities one time I feel comfy plenty to show my positions one time I have gauged other peoples ‘ point of views.Part 2: Deductions for calling pick2.1 Lifelong LearningEven from a immature age, I have ever been cognizant of the importance of larning new things to broaden my ain cognition base holding been invariably reminded by my parents to â€Å" work ha rd till old, and to larn till old. †A With an of all time altering society and increasing demand for ‘talent ‘ in any professional calling, it is compulsory that an person should non merely get new accomplishments, but to besides invariably upgrade these accomplishments to run into challenges set by the altering work environment.A This is the act of life-long acquisition which is the deliberate patterned advance throughout life of an person, where our cognition is invariably being expanded which allows us to efficaciously ‘survive ‘ in society ( Peter, Jenny and Shelagh, 1998 ) .A The essentialness of life-long acquisition has been good documented even every bit early as the seventeenth century where Comenius wrote that â€Å" no age is excessively late to get down larning. † And that one should ne'er do the error of ‘standing still ‘ in footings of accomplishment acquisition ( Comenius, 1996 ) .A Through my practical experience and l ife in general, I have come to the realisation that uninterrupted acquisition is a necessity to keep a competitory advantage over the many persons that seek the same calling chances as me.A Hence, I search for any chances to better myself through life-long acquisition. With my desire to better, I have late resigned from my occupation to analyze my unmarried man ‘s grade in Northumbria University. Prior to my surrender and subsequent move to partake in full clip surveies, I worked three old ages in the Bank of China as a Customer Service Officer ( Appendix E ) .A During that clip, I was working full-time, while analyzing parttime during eventides by go toing analyzing classes.A The part-time survey has allowed me to develop many cardinal accomplishments to rise my proficiency in making my occupation in minimum time.A This is of import because of the current unstable and competitory occupation market.A It has now become a demand for me to place a clear calling way for me to prosecute and so to develop my cognition towards the relevant countries to carry through the demands of my hereafter employers.A I am now analyzing an ‘International Business Management ‘ degree class with the aspiration to accomplish a future calling in the conc ern sector.A A A A A A Life-long acquisition will assist me supply a solid base for the development of indispensable movable accomplishments ( as discussed subsequently ) that would lodge to me throughout life and to help me in the patterned advance towards my calling ends. It is besides of import for doing me a ‘better ‘ person.A After all â€Å" it is the bottom round of the ladder of personal development. † ( Peter, Jenny and Shelagh, 1998 ) .A2.2 Career ChoiceHaving conducted assorted larning manner trials on myself, I have been able to derive a better apprehension of my acquisition penchants, personality and environments where I am likely to boom upon.A It is expected that cognizing an person ‘s learning manner penchant may assist that individual to define a possible calling way that is best suited for them, or even influence that individual towards certain calling choices.A Indeed, it is common for directors to utilize questionnaires to place ideal personality traits in their campaigners that would most probably be suited for their occupations which would help them in the choice process.A However, it is deserving observing that human behavior is extremely complex, and such trials may non needfully give an accurate or thorough appraisal of an person ‘s personality ( Freud, 2001 ) .A Hence, consequences of these trials should non be held absolute and should merely be used as a guideline to help a individual with respects to doing cardinal determinations such as possible calling waies to take.A Despite obvious drawbacks with utilizing these trials, I agree with most of the suggestions made by them sing my acquisition penchants and some facets of my personality.A In footings of employment, through my practical experiences, I have developed a strong desire to prosecute a calling in Marketing.A The accomplishments I have acquired to day of the month hold mostly influenced my involvement towards this calling way which, together with my personality, has made me see that I possess the ‘raw ‘ foundations to win in the selling sector.A In a study carried out by Honey and Mumford, it was found that the bulk of directors preferable employees that are ‘reflectors ‘ for Marketing occupations ; a trait that they believe would convey the biggest success to their company.A Having carried out a Honey and Mumford trial on myself, it was concluded that I am a strong ‘reflector ‘ , which makes me competently suited for Marketing. ‘Reflectors ‘ such asA myself likes to follow a cautious attack during group activities. This means that I tend to take an initial back place in group treatments, A preferring to obtain different point of views before doing cardinal decisions.A Being cautious, can besides affect believing in front in expectancy of possible obstructions. With selling occupations, it is of import non to hotfoot into determinations without first thought and planning ahead.A This is because, with the nature of the type of work, it is inevitable that there will be ‘lean ‘ periods so therefore, it is particularly wise to be prepared for such periods and to hold a program to move accordingly.A For illustration, a portion of be aftering in front is expectancy of alterations in the markets and happening new merchandises to promote.A It is of import to be cognizant that â€Å" the best selling enterprisers are ever looking for the following large money marker. † They are ever be aftering in front ( Scott Brooks, 2004 ) .A Hence, holding a cautious attack to things can be a good trait as it means that I am less likely to do incorrect determinations due to hotfooting into things and take necessary precautions.A My Belbin consequences that conclude that I have a strong penchant towards a ‘Monitor judge ‘ who likes to measure all options before coming to decisions adds farther support of my suitableness for a Marketing calling. â€Å" The ability to stay unagitated is one of the most sought after personality traits in the Retail profession, † ( John, 2007 ) .A Pressure can come in different ways, for illustration, when covering with unhappy clients who are dissatisfied with the merchandises sold to the ; It is the occupation of the seller to cover with the job and to reconstruct the client ‘s sentiment of the company.A Hence, to accomplish this, it is indispensable to stay unagitated under force per unit area when covering with these situations.A With selling occupations, it is besides of import to be able to react good and suitably to rigorous marks and deadlines that are set and to work towards them, which can besides take to coerce edifice up.A My Belbin trial consequences suggest that I am suited towards a ‘shaper ‘ function which is another ground why I feel that a Marketing calling is suited for me.A ‘Shapers ‘ are adept at executing under supercharging state of af fairss and with the added thrust to win. This is of import since there is a batch of competition within the market.A â€Å" Merely when you have your client on your side, are you able to efficaciously acquire what you want. † ( John, 2007 ) .A I believe this quotation mark highlights what a calling in Marketing is basically all about.A Success within the field of Marketing and Retail is extremely dependent on your clients or clients which means that good ‘people accomplishments ‘ leting you to link efficaciously with both co-workers and clients is essential.A On a personality degree, it is advantageous to be a ‘likeable ‘ individual which can affect being a pleasant person with a ‘cheery ‘ disposition.A â€Å" You are more likely to be able to negociate better if your client likes you, † ( Scott Brooks, 2004 ) .A My MBTI consequences have described me as holding a strong penchant towards extroverted experiencing which means that I like to construct positive relationships with people around me and to make harmoniousness around me.A This, in my sentim ent has contributed mostly to me being a personable individual.A The benefits of this personality trait are double. First, I would be able to sell my merchandises to clients more easy since they are likely to happen me a pleasant individual. Second, I am more likely to be on the ‘right side ‘ of my work co-workers and so they may be more likely to offer me their help.A Having identified a calling field that best suit my personality as based on my personality trials, I seek to accomplish a future calling as a Marketing manager.A A occupation of this sort would let me the duty to do cardinal determinations that will act upon the success of the company.A I crave the chance to pull off a squad, and to give a major part to the company that I work for.A A successful calling as a Marketing director demands certain personality traits in add-on to those mentioned above.A For illustration, it is of import that a Marketing Manager ( Appendix F ) is one that, non merely is able to do accurate opinion, but besides needs to stand by these opinions and non be excessively easy influenced by other people ‘s words.A In other words, they need to be prepared to â€Å" disregard naysayers, even if it ‘s those that are closest to them. † ( Scott Brooks, 2004 ) . Hence, being brave and besides individual minded can be seen as a demand in this sense.A The Belbin trial consequences have identified me as being a ‘specialist ‘ where the cardinal feature of this function is individual mindedness.A With me being a of course obstinate individual who does n't normally alter my head holding made my determinations, I believe I am suited for this peculiar calling pick.2.3 Movable accomplishmentsIn add-on to the right personality and occupation specific accomplishments, a wise employer will besides look to see what movable skills a perspective employee can offer.A The term movable accomplishments merely refers to a set of generic accomplishments in which an person needs in order to be effectual members of a flexible, adaptable and competitory work force and for life-long learning.A â€Å" At the bosom of it all, most employers are looking for people with common accomplishments and features. † ( Phil O'Reilly, 2009 ) .A Unlike occupation specific accomplishments, movable accomplishments can be used in many ways, gained through past experiences.A They are accomplishments that can be used in a assortment of occupations and situations.A In order to be successful in Marketing, there is a repertory of accomplishments that are required for me to efficaciously make my occupation which include clip direction, people accomplishments, leading, teamwork and good organizational accomplishments, amongst others. Marketing occupations rely on the ability to sell merchandises through interaction with a assortment of different clients. Hence, good communicating accomplishments are essential.A As identified by my VARK trial consequences, I have strong aural accomplishments that would be particularly utile in Marketing since the occupation demands that I have a good apprehension of clients ‘ needs.A Bing a good hearer, and besides person that likes to see things from different positions, this would let me to pass on efficaciously with my clients.A My ability to pass on good has been greatly developed through my past employment as a Customer Service Representative at the Bank of China and private coach, learning Mathematicss and assorted linguistic communications to kids. Therefore, good communicating now represents one of my cardinal strengths.A I am tri-lingual giving me versatility in my communicating accomplishments leting me to speak with a wider client range.A Good presentation accompl ishments is besides an of import facet of communicating accomplishment that is required in my hereafter calling since it is likely that It would be needed when advancing new merchandises for instance.A Fortunately, my presentational accomplishments have been greatly enhanced over clip through past experience in giving presentations during my past employment and current studies.A Having a good apprehension of the merchandises that I am advancing and any new merchandises on the market is besides really of import in Marketing.A Hence, it is necessary to hold good research accomplishments and besides to hold an unfastened head with respects to larning new material.A Bing a ‘reflector ‘ agencies that I happy to absorb information from many different angles and utilize it to do my determinations, while being a ‘specialist ‘ as identified by my Belbin trial consequences suggests that I have a natural avidity to larn and spread out my cognition in subjects at hand.A As I am likely to be working within a squad in my work force with similar marks, there is no uncertainty that good teamwork accomplishments are a requirement.A I believe that I possess good teamwork capablenesss holding already been in employment where good teamwork is a must, such as working with my co-workers in the publicity and derivation of comprehensive fiscal programs during my old job.A I besides actively partake in assorted teamwork athleticss that have allowed me to efficaciously construct on my teamwork skills.A It is my mark to accomplish a calling as a Marketing director in hereafter, which will demand extra accomplishments in order to be successful such as leading and ability to actuate myself and others within my team.A Bing a Selling director will intend that I will have greater duty, pull offing a squad or doing cardinal determinations that will impact company success.A Although I believe that I possess an ideal personality to set about such a function in a company, I feel that I will necessitate to better myself farther before I am ready.A With respects to movable accomplishments, I believe my biggest failing lies in my leading qualities, being a less self-asserting person that likes to keep back from engagement in group activities.A I understand that if I am to be a good leader, I will necessitate to better this facet by playing a more outstanding function in group activities and basically ‘stamping my authority'.A I do non to the full agree with the impression that leading is a quality that ca n't be taught, and some people are merely born leaders.A I feel that leading is a accomplishment that can be improved through life-long acquisition and experience ; hence I will boom to better myself in this respect.A â€Å" As with all accomplishments, they need to be learnt and no-one is born with them. † ( Phil O'Reilly, 2009 ) .A A A A ADecisionLife-long acquisition is an indispensable procedure for me to larn new accomplishments and besides to better bing 1s. It is besides extremely of import for my personal development towards being a ‘better ‘ individual, and one that is able to accommodate to an of all time changing universe. The changeless skill of new movable accomplishments is besides critical for calling patterned advance and to give myself a competitory advantage over those booming for the same chances as myself. By utilizing a assortment of different trials, I have gained an grasp of my ain personality, larning penchants and strengt hs. This information, together with my involvements makes me ideally suited for a future calling in the Marketing field.

What I Believe About Philosophy, Ethics, Adult Education,...

Adult educators must strive to understand their beliefs, the perspectives that they shape and the ethics that drive their profession. As Merriam and Brockett said, â€Å"The practice of adult education does no happen in a vacuum. It occurs in a context that manifests certain beliefs and that values certain behaviors over others. Understanding what those beliefs and values are can only lead to more informed and reflective practice.† (2007) This essay will outline what I believe about philosophy, ethics, adult education, the learner, the instructor, and the curriculum. This will ultimately help guide me and focus me to my view of this profession and myself as an adult educator. Before I go into how I see things, I first must define a few terms and decide where I stand. First, what is a philosophy of education? Lorraine M. Zinn (1998) Explains a Philosophy of Education represents a comprehensive and interrelated set of values and beliefs as applied to education- including beliefs about the purpose and nature of human life, the role(s) of teachers and learners, important subject matter, and effective teaching approaches. Who is an adult educator? The term â€Å"adult educator† may describe anyone who helps adults learn something, gain knowledge, or skills for a variety of purposes. Adult education doesn’t always happen in a classroom setting. It may be in the form of formal or informal settings, for credit hours or not for credit hours. Not knowing where I stood as far asShow MoreRelatedI Am A Professional Teacher Essay959 Words   |  4 Pagesminds. Education is extremely important to go through. Teachers have many different philosophies to choose from when teaching in a classroom. Out of the five philosophies, I ranked the highest in Essentialism and Progressivism. 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I believe that everyRead More My Philosophy of Education Essay1090 Words   |  5 Pages My Philosophy of Education Is there a certain set of guidelines that need to be followed when teaching? If so, what should the main points of these rules be? I believe that when teaching, an instructor needs to consider the nature of the students and the importance of a good education. A teacher should also have some sort of idea about the teaching methods that should be used in the classroom. I believe that all students are capable of learning when given the opportunity. Children are notRead More My Philosophy of Education Essay1519 Words   |  7 PagesPhilosophy of Education If I had to pick one view that is most compatible with my own view and learning and teaching it would have to be Constructivism. If I got to choose another one I would go with Cognitive. 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